왜 생선 접시라고 불리는가?? 기원, 역사와 목적 설명

사람들이 이 용어를 처음 들었을 때 “생선 접시“, 가장 일반적인 질문 중 하나는: 철도 부품에 물고기 이름이 붙은 이유?

The name can seem unusual because a railway fish plate has no obvious connection with a fish. It is simply a steel component installed at rail joints, used to connect and reinforce two sections of rail.

하지만, the name has a much deeper engineering history. The word “fish” in this context does not refer to the animal. 대신에, it comes from an older engineering term describing a reinforcing piece used to strengthen a joint.

Understanding why it is called a fish plate also helps explain the important role this component plays in railway track systems.

For railway engineers, 계약자, and purchasers, a fish plate is not just a simple steel bar. It is a precision-manufactured railway component that directly affects rail alignment, joint stability, and long-term track performance.

이 기사에서는, we will explain the origin of the name 생선 접시, how railway fish plates work, the different types available, and what factors should be considered when selecting the right fish plate for a railway project.

철도 어판이란 무엇입니까??

에이 철도 물고기 접시, also known as a 레일 조인트 바 in some regions, is a steel fastening component used to join two rail ends together.

During installation, two fish plates are placed on both sides of the rail web and secured using 물고기 볼트, 견과류, and washers. 함께, these components create a mechanical rail joint that keeps the two rail sections aligned and stable.

A typical railway joint assembly includes:

• Rail sections
• 생선 접시
• 피쉬 볼트
• Nuts and washers

The main functions of a fish plate include:

Maintaining Rail Alignment

A fish plate helps keep the two connected rail ends in the correct position vertically and horizontally, ensuring smooth train operation.

Transferring Wheel Loads

When a train passes over a rail joint, significant impact forces are generated. Fish plates help transfer these forces between adjacent rail sections.

Reducing Rail Movement

Without proper reinforcement, rail joints can experience excessive movement, which may lead to uneven wear, 진동, and track deterioration.

Supporting Maintenance Operations

Unlike welded rail connections, bolted rail joints using fish plates can be installed, 검사를 받은, and replaced more easily, making them valuable in many railway applications.

Although continuously welded rail (CWR) has become common on modern mainline railways, fish plates remain widely used in freight railways, 산업용 철도, 광산 철도, 크레인 레일 시스템, and maintenance projects.

왜 생선 접시라고 불리는가??

이 용어의 유래는 부품의 외관보다는 역사적 공학용어에서 유래되었습니다..

오래된 엔지니어링 관행에서, 단어 “fish” 강도와 강성을 향상시키기 위해 조인트 옆에 장착된 보강 부품을 설명하는 데 사용되었습니다..

양쪽에 추가 지지재를 추가해 연결성을 강화하는 컨셉과 유사했습니다.. 철도 엔지니어가 철도 구간을 결합하는 방법을 개발했을 때, 그들은 이 아이디어를 채택하고 철판을 사용하여 레일 조인트를 강화했습니다..

이 플레이트는 두 레일 사이의 연결을 강화했기 때문에, 그들은 다음과 같이 알려지게되었습니다. 생선 접시.

간단히 말해서:

어판(fish plate)은 관절에서 보강재 역할을 하기 때문에 어판(fish plate)이라 불린다., 물고기처럼 보여서가 아니라.

This explanation is the most widely accepted origin of the term within railway engineering.

Where Did the Name “Fish” Come From?

The use of the word “fish” in engineering is older than modern railway systems.

역사적으로, engineers used the term to describe a piece of material added to strengthen or support another component. A reinforcing plate fitted over a joint was sometimes called a “fish” because it supported the connection in the same way that a fish-shaped reinforcement piece could strengthen a structure.

When early railways expanded during the 19th century, engineers needed a practical solution for connecting individual rail sections. 그때에, rails were manufactured in limited lengths, and long continuous rails were not practical.

The development of the fish plate provided a simple but effective solution:

• 레일은 관리 가능한 길이로 생산 및 운송 가능.
• 손상된 레일 부분을 더 쉽게 교체할 수 있습니다..
• 선로 건설이 더욱 빠르고 유연해졌습니다..
• 레일 조인트는 열차 하중 하에서 적당한 강도를 유지할 수 있습니다..

철도기술이 발전하면서, 이 이름은 계속 사용되었으며 업계 전반에 걸쳐 표준 용어가 되었습니다..

오늘, 한 세기도 더 지난 후, 전 세계의 철도 엔지니어들은 여전히 ​​이 용어를 사용합니다. 생선 접시에스.

생선 접시가 실제로 생선처럼 보일까요??

아마도 많은 사람들이 이름을 듣고 가장 먼저 묻는 질문일 것입니다..

짧은 대답은: 설마.

표준 철도 피쉬 플레이트는 레일 웹의 모양과 일치하도록 설계된 비교적 단순한 강철 프로파일입니다.. 디자인은 주로 엔지니어링 요구 사항에 따라 결정됩니다., 포함:

• 레일 프로필 호환성
• 볼트 구멍 배열
• 부하 용량
• 접촉 표면적
• 피로 저항

Some historical fishplate designs may have had tapered shapes that loosely resembled the outline of a fish. This may have contributed to the popularity of the name.

하지만, the engineering explanation is much stronger: the term comes from the idea of reinforcement, not from visual similarity.

철도 전문가를 위한, the important question is not what the component looks like, but whether it provides a reliable connection between two rails under repeated loading conditions.

Two Names

When purchasing railway components internationally, customers often see two different terms:

• Fish plate
• Joint bar

Are they different products?

대부분의 경우, they refer to the same railway component.

용어 생선 접시 is widely used in Europe, Asia, 아프리카, and many countries influenced by British railway terminology.

용어 joint bar is more commonly used in North America, especially in railway standards and specifications related to American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association.

Although the names are different, the function is the same:

A steel component installed on both sides of a rail joint to connect two rail sections and maintain track stability.

When sourcing fish plates internationally, engineers should focus less on the terminology and more on technical specifications, 포함:

• Rail profile
• Hole spacing
• Material grade
• 기계적 성질
• Applicable railway standard

A fish plate manufactured for one rail profile may not be suitable for another, even if the overall appearance looks similar.

How Does It Work?

A fishplate may look like a simple steel component, but its role in a railway track system is critical.

A rail joint is one of the areas where a track structure experiences concentrated stress. When a train passes over the joint, the wheel load creates vertical impact forces, while braking, 가속, and lateral movement generate additional stresses.

The purpose of a fish plate is to reinforce this connection and help the two rail sections behave as closely as possible like one continuous rail.

A typical fish plate connection works through several key elements:

Supporting the Rail Web

Fishplates are installed on both sides of the rail web. The contact between the fish plate and the rail provides additional support around the joint area, increasing the overall stiffness of the connection.

Securing the Rail Joint with Fish Bolts

Fish bolts pass through the rail and fish plates, clamping the assembly together.

The correct bolt size, hole position, and tightening force are important because insufficient clamping can lead to:

• Rail movement
• 볼트 풀림
• Increased impact at the joint
• Accelerated wear

Maintaining Track Geometry

A properly designed fishplate helps maintain:

• Rail alignment
• Rail level
• 트랙 게이지
• Joint stability

This is especially important in areas where trains operate under heavy axle loads or frequent traffic conditions.

제조 관점에서 보면, dimensional accuracy is essential. The bolt hole position, machining tolerance, and contact surface must match the rail profile precisely to ensure proper installation.

Main Types

Railway fishplates are not one universal product. Different railway systems require different designs depending on rail profiles, 작동 조건, 및 표준.

The most common types include the following.

기준

Standard fishplates are designed to connect two identical rail sections.

They are commonly used in conventional railway tracks where the same rail profile is installed throughout the line.

예를 들면 다음과 같습니다:

• UIC54 fish plates
• UIC60 fish plates
• 115RE fish plates
• 136RE fish plates

The design must match the exact rail profile to ensure correct contact and load transfer.

Compromise

A compromise fish plate is used when two different rail profiles need to be connected.

예를 들어, a railway may need to transition from one rail size to another due to:

• Track renewal projects
• Different sections of existing railway
• Connection between old and new rail systems

Because different rail profiles have different heights and web shapes, standard fish plates cannot be used. 특별히 설계된 절충형 피쉬 플레이트는 부드럽고 안전한 전환을 제공합니다..

절연

절연 피시플레이트는 철도 신호 시스템용으로 설계되었습니다..

많은 철도망에서, 레일은 전기 트랙 회로의 일부로도 사용됩니다.. 열차 위치를 감지하려면, 인접한 레일 섹션은 때때로 전기적으로 분리되어야 합니다..

절연 피시 플레이트에는 기계적 강도를 유지하면서 레일 섹션 사이의 전기적 연속성을 방지하는 절연 부품이 포함되어 있습니다..

그들은 일반적으로 사용됩니다:

• 신호 섹션
• 철도 제어 시스템
• 여객철도 네트워크

크레인 레일

크레인 레일 피쉬 플레이트는 산업용 레일 응용 분야용으로 설계되었습니다., 특히 오버헤드 크레인이나 중량물 취급 장비용 레일이 설치된 경우.

일반 철도 선로와 비교, 크레인 레일 시스템은 종종 경험합니다:

• 높은 휠 하중
• Frequent starting and stopping
• Concentrated contact stress

그러므로, crane rail fish plates require suitable design and material selection to provide long-term durability.

일반적인 응용 분야는 다음과 같습니다.:

• Steel plants
• Ports
• Shipyards
• Manufacturing facilities

Heavy-Duty

Heavy-duty fish plates are developed for demanding railway environments where high axle loads and intensive traffic are expected.

그들은 일반적으로 사용됩니다:

• 광산 철도
• Heavy-haul freight railways
• Industrial transportation systems

These applications require higher strength materials and strict quality control because the rail joint experiences repeated dynamic loading.

What Materials？

Because fishplates are exposed to repeated impact forces, 진동, and environmental conditions, material selection plays an important role in their performance.

Most railway fish plates are manufactured from high-strength carbon steel or alloy steel.

Common material requirements include:

• High tensile strength
• Good fatigue resistance
• Adequate toughness
• 내마모성
• Stable performance under repeated loading

Depending on customer requirements and railway standards, fish plates may be manufactured according to:

• UIC standards
• AREMA specifications
• BS standards
• DIN standards
• GB standards
• 고객별 사양

Heat Treatment and Mechanical Properties

For demanding railway applications, material selection alone is not enough.

Heat treatment is often required to improve the mechanical properties of the fish plate.

A properly controlled heat treatment process can improve:

힘

The fish plate must withstand repeated loading from passing trains without permanent deformation.

피로 저항

Rail joints experience millions of loading cycles during service. Good fatigue performance helps prevent cracking and premature failure.

Wear Performance

The contact area around the rail joint is exposed to vibration and impact. Improved material properties contribute to longer service life.

이러한 이유로, professional railway component manufacturers pay close attention to both material quality and production processes.

Are Fish Plates Still Used on Modern Railways?

With the widespread adoption of continuously welded rail (CWR), some people believe that fish plates are becoming outdated.

하지만, this is not the case.

Although CWR has reduced the number of traditional rail joints on many main railway lines, fish plates remain an important component in many railway applications.

They are still widely used in:

Railway Maintenance

During rail replacement or repair work, temporary and permanent rail connections often require fish plates.

Turnouts and Special Trackwork

철도 스위치 및 건널목에는 볼트 연결이 여전히 필요할 수 있는 복잡한 레일 배열이 포함됩니다..

산업 철도

공장, 포트, 광산, 창고에서는 유연성과 유지 관리 편의성이 중요한 철도 시스템을 사용하는 경우가 많습니다..

크레인 레일 시스템

산업용 크레인 레일은 작동 환경 및 유지 관리 요구 사항으로 인해 볼트 조인트에 의존하는 경우가 많습니다..

지역 및 재래 철도

전 세계의 많은 철도 네트워크는 인프라 조건 및 운영 요구 사항으로 인해 전통적인 철도 연결 시스템을 계속 사용합니다..

현대 용접 기술에도 불구하고 Fishplate가 여전히 중요한 이유

연속 용접 레일은 많은 장점을 제공합니다., 포함:

• 레일 조인트 충격 감소
• 더욱 원활한 열차 운행
• 유지 관리 요구 사항 감소

하지만, 용접 레일이 항상 모든 상황에 가장 적합한 솔루션은 아닙니다..

Fish plates still provide several practical advantages:

Easier Installation

Bolted rail joints can be installed without specialized welding equipment.

Easier Replacement

Damaged rail sections can be removed and replaced more efficiently.

Greater Flexibility

Certain railway applications require removable or adjustable connections.

Suitable for Special Applications

산업용 철도, crane rails, and temporary tracks often require solutions where fish plates remain the most practical choice.

엔지니어링 관점에서, fish plates and welded rail systems are not competitors. They are solutions designed for different railway requirements.

Fish Plate vs. Welded Rail Joints: Which One Is Better?

When discussing modern railway construction, one common question is whether fish plates are still necessary when welded rail technology is widely available.

The answer depends on the railway application.

Both fishplate joints and welded rail joints have their own advantages, and engineers select the most suitable solution based on operating conditions, maintenance requirements, 및 프로젝트 사양.

For high-speed passenger railways, continuously welded rail is usually preferred because it provides smoother running conditions.

하지만, for many industrial and conventional railway applications, fish plates remain a reliable and practical solution.

A professional railway engineer does not simply choose the newest technology. The correct choice depends on the actual operating environment.

How to Choose the Right Railway Parts?

Selecting a fish plate requires more than choosing a component that looks similar.

A railway fishplate must match the rail profile, 고정 시스템, and operating requirements of the track.

The following factors should be considered before production or purchase.

1. Rail Profile Compatibility

The first and most important factor is the rail profile.

Different rails have different:

• Rail head dimensions
• 웹 두께
• Rail height
• 발 너비
• Bolt hole positions

예를 들어, a fish plate designed for UIC60 rail cannot simply be installed on a UIC54 rail.

Common rail profiles include:

• UIC54
• UIC60
• 115답장
• 132답장
• 136답장
• 60E1
• 50kg/m rail
• Crane rail profiles

The fishplate must be designed according to the exact rail section.

2. Applicable Railway Standard

Different countries and railway systems may follow different technical standards.

Common standards include:

• UIC
• 아레마
• 학사
• 에서
• GB

Before manufacturing, customers should confirm:

• Required standard
• Drawing specifications
• 자재 요구 사항
• Inspection criteria

This ensures that the fishplate meets the expectations of the railway project.

3. Material Grade and Mechanical Performance

The material must match the operating conditions.

For heavy-load applications, engineers usually focus on:

• 인장강도
• 항복 강도
• 경도
• 피로 저항

A fish plate used in a mining railway, 예를 들어, may require higher performance than one used in a light industrial track.

4. Bolt Hole Design

The bolt hole arrangement is another critical factor.

중요한 매개변수는 다음과 같습니다:

• Number of holes
• Hole diameter
• Hole spacing
• Hole position
• Bolt specification

Incorrect hole dimensions can prevent proper installation and reduce joint performance.

5. 운영 환경

The working environment also influences fish plate selection.

Factors include:

• 축 하중
• 열차 속도
• Traffic frequency
• Temperature changes
• Humidity and corrosion conditions

A fishplate used in a heavy-haul railway requires a different design approach compared with one used in a light industrial railway.

Why Quality Manufacturing Matters for Railway Fish Plates

Although bar joint is much smaller than a rail or sleeper, it plays a critical role in railway safety and reliability.

A rail joint is one of the areas where the track structure experiences concentrated stress. Poor-quality fish plates may result in:

• Incorrect rail alignment
• 볼트 풀림
• Increased impact forces
• Faster component wear
• Shortened service life

이러한 이유로, 전문 철도 부품 제조업체는 생산의 모든 단계에 중점을 둡니다..

중요한 품질 관리 단계에는 다음이 포함됩니다.:

재료 검사

철강 재료가 요구되는 화학적 조성 및 기계적 특성을 충족하는지 확인해야 합니다..

정밀 가공

레일 프로파일에 올바르게 장착하려면 정확한 치수가 필수적입니다..

구멍 위치 검사

볼트 구멍은 올바른 조립을 위해 엄격한 공차를 유지해야 합니다..

열처리 제어

필요한 경우, 열처리는 안정적인 기계적 성능을 제공해야 합니다..

최종검사

완성된 생선 접시는 배송 전에 프로젝트 요구 사항에 따라 검사되어야 합니다..

우리의 제조 경험에서, 철도 부품 구매 시 가장 흔히 저지르는 실수 중 하나는 외관이나 가격만 보고 생선 접시를 선택하는 것입니다..

A reliable fishplate must be matched with the rail system it is designed for.

Railway Fishplate Manufacturer

~에 뤄양포뇨중공업(Luoyang Fonyo Heavy Industries), 주식회사., we manufacture railway fish plates and other railway track components for customers in railway, 산업의, 채광, and material handling applications.

Our railway fish plates are produced according to international standards and customer-specific requirements, 포함:

• UIC standards
• AREMA specifications
• BS standards
• DIN standards
• GB standards

We focus on providing reliable railway components through:

• Suitable material selection
• Precision manufacturing
• Strict dimensional inspection
• Professional technical support

In addition to railway fish plates, our product range includes:

• Railway fish bolts
• 레일 클립
• 탄성 레일 클립
• 레일 패드
• 철도 침목
• Other railway fastening components

By supplying compatible railway components from one source, we help customers simplify procurement and ensure better system compatibility.

Whether you need standard railway fish plates or customized solutions based on drawings and technical specifications, 뤄양포뇨중공업(Luoyang Fonyo Heavy Industries), 주식회사. can provide professional support for your railway project.

자주 묻는 질문

1. Why is it called a fishplate?

The name comes from an old engineering term. “Fish” referred to a reinforcing member used to strengthen a joint. A railway fish plate reinforces the connection between two rail sections, which is why it received this name.

2. Is a fish plate the same as a joint bar?

예. 대부분의 철도 응용 분야에서, fishplate and joint bar refer to the same component. “Fish plate” is commonly used in many international markets, ~하는 동안 “joint bar” is frequently used in North American railway terminology.

3. What is the purpose of a railway fish plate?

A fish plate connects two rail sections, maintains alignment, transfers wheel loads, and reinforces the rail joint to improve track stability.

4. Are fish plates still used on modern railways?

예. Although continuously welded rail is common on many high-speed railways, fish plates are still widely used in industrial railways, maintenance work, crane rails, 투표율, and conventional railway systems.

5. What materials are railway fish plates made from?

Most fishplates are manufactured from high-strength carbon steel or alloy steel. Material selection depends on the railway standard and operating conditions.

6. Can one fish plate fit different rail profiles?

아니요. Fishplates are designed according to specific rail profiles. Different rails require matching fish plate dimensions and bolt arrangements.

7. What information is needed to manufacture a custom fish plates?

Manufacturers usually need:

• Rail profile
• Drawing or specification
• 철도 표준
• Material requirement
• Bolt hole details
• Quantity requirement

8. How long can a fish plate last?

The service life depends on factors such as axle load, traffic frequency, installation quality, 유지, 및 운영 환경.